Public use concessions and ecotourism in conservation units

Abstract

Objective: This article examines the legal and practical feasibility of granting public use concessions for ecotourism in Conservation Units (CUs) owned and managed by the government, particularly Parks belonging to the Integral Protection group of the National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC). It highlights the normative framework, possibilities for ecotourism development, and resulting environmental, social, and economic benefits.

Method: A qualitative approach was used, combining the inductive method and legal hermeneutics through legislative, doctrinal, and documentary review, including analysis of Law No. 9,985/2000 (SNUC), Decree No. 4,340/2002, and Law No. 11,516/2007, as well as national ecotourism guidelines.

 Results: Findings show that Brazilian law not only permits but encourages ecotourism as a sustainable activity and as a tool for environmental education, provided that it complies with the protective limits of CUs. Public use concessions emerge as a legitimate mechanism enabling private sector participation in the management and economic use of protected areas, fostering investment, expanding public access, and reducing maintenance costs for the government.

Conclusions: The study concludes that granting public use concessions for ecotourism is legally viable, environmentally compatible, and socially beneficial, reinforcing the sustainability tripod. When properly structured, this instrument effectively supports environmental management by aligning conservation, social engagement, and sustainable economic development.