THE USE OF FORCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL LEGITIMACY OF THE RUSSIAN INVASION OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the legal legitimacy of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine under the framework of Public International Law and the provisions of the United Nations Charter, aiming to determine whether Vladimir Putin’s arguments find legal support within the exceptions to the prohibition of the use of force.

Methodology: The study employs deductive and inductive reasoning, using a monographic method and bibliographic research technique, based on the analysis of Putin’s speeches and international legal instruments.

Results: The findings indicate that both preventive self-defense and alleged humanitarian intervention invoked by Putin lack legal basis in International Law. Russia’s use of force does not fall within the exceptions established by the United Nations Charter, particularly Article 51, which regulates the right to self-defense.

Conclusions: It is concluded that the invasion of Ukraine lacks legal legitimacy and constitutes a violation of the prohibition on the use of force and the principles of state sovereignty and international security. The case highlights the need to strengthen multilateral mechanisms for peaceful dispute resolution.